Manuscript Submission

Authors should submit original, unpublished manuscripts that are not under consideration by any other journal. All submissions must follow the journal’s formatting, ethical and publication requirements.

• The manuscript must be written in clear English.
• The work must be original and free from plagiarism.
• All authors must approve the final manuscript before submission.
• All required figures, tables and references must be included.
• Any conflict of interest must be disclosed.

Types of Manuscripts Accepted

Manuscript Structure

Research manuscripts should generally include the following sections:

1. Title Page
2. Abstract
3. Keywords
4. Introduction
5. Materials and Methods
6. Results
7. Discussion
8. Conclusion
9. Acknowledgements
10. Conflict of Interest Statement
11. References
12. Tables and Figures

Title Page

The title page should include the manuscript title, full names of all authors, institutional affiliations, corresponding author details, email address and contact information.

Abstract and Keywords

The abstract should clearly summarize the objective, methodology, major findings and conclusion of the study. It should be concise, informative and written as a single paragraph.

• Recommended abstract length: 150–300 words.
• Provide 4–8 relevant keywords.
• Avoid citations in the abstract.
• Use keywords that improve article discoverability.

Formatting Guidelines

• Manuscripts should be typed in a clear and readable font.
• Use double spacing throughout the manuscript.
• Use continuous line numbering where possible.
• Tables and figures should be numbered consecutively.
• Scientific names should be italicized.
• Use SI units wherever applicable.
• Abbreviations should be defined at first mention.

Figures and Tables

Figures and tables should be clear, properly numbered and cited in the text. Captions should be concise and informative.

• Submit high-resolution figures where applicable.
• Tables should be editable and not submitted as images.
• Each figure and table must have a title or caption.
• Permissions must be obtained for previously published material.

References

References should be accurate, complete and consistently formatted. Authors are responsible for ensuring that all citations in the text appear in the reference list and all references listed are cited in the manuscript.

Ethical Requirements

Authors must follow ethical standards in research and publication. Manuscripts involving animals, field studies, biological materials or regulated procedures must comply with applicable institutional, national and international guidelines.

• Plagiarism, data fabrication and data falsification are strictly prohibited.
• Duplicate submission or duplicate publication is not allowed.
• All authors must have made significant contributions to the work.
• Funding sources and conflicts of interest must be disclosed.

Peer Review

All submitted manuscripts undergo editorial screening followed by double-blind peer review. Manuscripts are evaluated for originality, scientific quality, methodology, ethical compliance, clarity and relevance to the journal’s scope.

Revision and Resubmission

Authors receiving revision requests should submit a revised manuscript along with a detailed response letter explaining how each reviewer comment has been addressed.

• Highlight or track changes in the revised manuscript where possible.
• Respond clearly to every reviewer and editor comment.
• Provide justification if any suggested change is not made.

Article Processing Charges

Where applicable, Article Processing Charges may be required to support open access publication, editorial management, peer review coordination, website maintenance and long-term article availability. Any applicable charges should be communicated clearly before publication.

Copyright and Licensing

Authors retain appropriate rights to their published work in accordance with the journal’s copyright and licensing policy. The applicable license information should be clearly displayed on the article webpage and PDF version.

Final Checklist Before Submission

• Manuscript follows journal formatting guidelines.
• Title page includes complete author and affiliation details.
• Abstract and keywords are included.
• All figures and tables are properly cited.
• References are complete and consistent.
• Ethical approval and conflict statements are included where applicable.
• All authors have approved the final manuscript.